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SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. EN AC-42000 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4340 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN AC-42000 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is EN AC-42000 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210 to 360
59 to 91
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 22
1.1 to 2.4
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 740
67 to 76
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1280
170 to 270
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1150
95 to 230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
500
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
600
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
38
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
130

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 170
2.8 to 5.7
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 590 to 3490
64 to 370
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
53
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 45
18 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
26 to 35
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
66
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 38
7.9 to 12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
89.9 to 93.3
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 95.1 to 96.3
0 to 0.55
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.15
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.2 to 0.65
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 0.35
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0 to 0.15
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
6.5 to 7.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15