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SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. S42030 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340 steel and S42030 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is S42030 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 22
16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 740
250
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Shear Strength, MPa 430 to 770
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1280
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1150
410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
780
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
28
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
2.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
3.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
2.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
34
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 170
92
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 590 to 3490
440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 45
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
7.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 38
24

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.3
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
12 to 14
Copper (Cu), % 0
2.0 to 3.0
Iron (Fe), % 95.1 to 96.3
77.6 to 85
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
1.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030