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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. AISI 308L Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and AISI 308L stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is AISI 308L stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
78
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
1010
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
16
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
160

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
21
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
13

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
19.5 to 22
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
63.8 to 70.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
1.0 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
9.0 to 11
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0.25 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0