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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. ASTM A356 Grade 1

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and ASTM A356 grade 1 are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A356 grade 1.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
280

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
210
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.35
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
98.3 to 100
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0