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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. Austempered Cast Iron

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and austempered cast iron are iron alloys. They have a very high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is austempered cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
270 to 490
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
180
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
1.1 to 13
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
62 to 69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
860 to 1800
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
560 to 1460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
42
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
2.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
25
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
48

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
19 to 95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
880 to 3970
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
32 to 66
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
27 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
25 to 53

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.050
Arsenic (As), % 0
0 to 0.020
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
3.4 to 3.8
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.8
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
89.6 to 94
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.040
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0.3 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.040
Selenium (Se), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
2.3 to 2.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.020
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0 to 0.1