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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1086 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and SAE-AISI 1086 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1086 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
220 to 260
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
300 to 360
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
72
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
450 to 520
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
760 to 870
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
480 to 580

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
79 to 84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
610 to 890
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
27 to 31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
24 to 26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
26 to 30

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0.8 to 0.93
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
98.5 to 98.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0.3 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.050
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0