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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4142 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and SAE-AISI 4142 steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4142 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
250
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
370

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
2.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
360
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0.4 to 0.45
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
96.8 to 97.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0