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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. SAE-AISI A9 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and SAE-AISI A9 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 93% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI A9 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
770 to 2030

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
35
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
7.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
9.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
4.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
70
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
82

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
10
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
28 to 73
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
24 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
9.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
25 to 66

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0.45 to 0.55
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
4.8 to 5.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
87 to 90.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
1.3 to 1.8
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
1.3 to 1.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
1.0 to 1.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0.8 to 1.4