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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. SAE-AISI P3 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and SAE-AISI P3 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P3 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
410 to 1980

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
2.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
50

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
15 to 70
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
16 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
14 to 65

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0.4 to 0.75
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
96.3 to 98.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0.2 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
1.0 to 1.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0