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SAE-AISI 4720 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 9254 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4720 steel and SAE-AISI 9254 steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4720 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 9254 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 260
280
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 310
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490
660
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350
410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.9
2.2
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
49

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 330
450
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0.51 to 0.59
Chromium (Cr), % 0.35 to 0.55
0.6 to 0.8
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.8
96.1 to 97.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.7
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0.9 to 1.2
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
1.2 to 1.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040