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SAE-AISI 5120 Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 21L Class 1

Both SAE-AISI 5120 steel and ASTM A387 grade 21L class 1 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 5120 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 21L class 1.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 16
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
74
Shear Strength, MPa 310
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 320
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
480
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 47
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
4.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
62

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 71
84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 280
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
2.8 to 3.3
Iron (Fe), % 97.6 to 98.3
94.4 to 96.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025