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SAE-AISI 9254 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4037 Steel

Both SAE-AISI 9254 steel and SAE-AISI 4037 steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 9254 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4037 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 280
210
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 410
340
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 660
540
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
290

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.2
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 450
220
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.51 to 0.59
0.35 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0.6 to 0.8
0
Iron (Fe), % 96.1 to 97.1
98 to 98.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 1.2 to 1.6
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040