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SAE-AISI A3 Steel vs. AISI 444 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI A3 steel and AISI 444 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 84% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI A3 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 444 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 700 to 2150
470

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 37
23
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.3
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.7
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.0
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 67
47
Embodied Water, L/kg 78
130

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 8.9
26
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 77
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 48
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
6.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 70
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.2 to 1.3
0 to 0.025
Chromium (Cr), % 4.8 to 5.5
17.5 to 19.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 88.7 to 92
73.3 to 80.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.4
1.8 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.2 to 0.8
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.035
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.2 to 0.8
Vanadium (V), % 0.8 to 1.4
0