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SAE-AISI A4 Steel vs. SAE-AISI P4 Steel

Both SAE-AISI A4 steel and SAE-AISI P4 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI A4 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 710 to 2050
390 to 1980

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 40
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
8.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
9.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
4.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 59
68

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 5.3
7.0
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 73
14 to 70
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 46
15 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 67
13 to 64

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0.9 to 2.2
4.0 to 5.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 92 to 95.5
92.3 to 95.3
Manganese (Mn), % 1.8 to 2.2
0.2 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.4
0.4 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0.1 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030

Comparable Variants