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SAE-AISI A9 Steel vs. SAE-AISI H12 Steel

Both SAE-AISI A9 steel and SAE-AISI H12 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI A9 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
75
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 770 to 2030
690 to 1850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1480
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1440
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 35
36
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.9
8.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.2
9.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.7
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 70
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 82
76

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 10
12
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 73
24 to 65
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 46
22 to 42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 9.6
9.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 66
22 to 60

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.45 to 0.55
0.3 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 4.8 to 5.5
4.8 to 5.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 87 to 90.5
87.8 to 91.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 1.3 to 1.8
1.3 to 1.8
Nickel (Ni), % 1.3 to 1.8
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 1.0 to 1.2
0.8 to 1.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.0 to 1.7
Vanadium (V), % 0.8 to 1.4
0 to 0.5

Comparable Variants