SAE-AISI D3 Steel vs. C19400 Copper
SAE-AISI D3 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C19400 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D3 steel and the bottom bar is C19400 copper.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.8 to 15 | |
| 2.3 to 37 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 74 | |
| 44 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 470 to 1220 | |
| 210 to 300 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 770 to 2050 | |
| 310 to 630 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 480 to 1550 | |
| 98 to 520 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 210 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1090 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1390 | |
| 1080 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 31 | |
| 260 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 17 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 3.0 | |
| 58 to 68 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 3.5 | |
| 58 to 69 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 8.0 | |
| 30 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 8.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.2 | |
| 2.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 48 | |
| 40 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 100 | |
| 300 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 97 to 180 | |
| 5.5 to 220 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 7.3 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 28 to 74 | |
| 9.7 to 20 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 47 | |
| 11 to 18 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.3 | |
| 75 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 23 to 63 | |
| 11 to 22 |
Alloy Composition
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| Carbon (C), % | 2.0 to 2.4 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11 to 13.5 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 96.8 to 97.8 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 80.3 to 87 | |
| 2.1 to 2.6 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0.015 to 0.15 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0.050 to 0.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |