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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. 238.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 238.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is 238.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
76
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
1.5
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
28
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
210
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
840
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
100
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
25
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
67

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
12
Density, g/cm3 7.7
3.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
7.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1040

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
2.9
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
42
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
37
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
9.1

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
81.9 to 84.9
Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
9.5 to 10.5
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
1.0 to 1.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
3.6 to 4.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
1.0 to 1.5