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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. 296.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 296.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is 296.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
72
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
3.2 to 7.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
47 to 70
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
260 to 270
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
120 to 180

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
540
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
130 to 150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
33 to 37
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
99 to 110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
11
Density, g/cm3 7.7
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
7.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
7.6 to 15
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
24 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
30 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
51 to 56
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
89 to 94
Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
4.0 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
0 to 1.2
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.35
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.35
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
2.0 to 3.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.35