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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. 712.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 712.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is 712.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
4.5 to 4.7
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
140 to 180
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
27
Shear Strength, MPa 460 to 1210
180
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
250 to 260
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
180 to 200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
380
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
40
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
11
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
24 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
30 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
62
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.7 to 94
Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
0.4 to 0.6
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.5 to 0.65
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
5.0 to 6.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.2