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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. A356.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while A356.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is A356.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
3.0 to 6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
50 to 90
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
26
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
160 to 270
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
83 to 200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
500
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
40
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
4.8 to 15
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
53
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
17 to 29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
25 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
64
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
7.6 to 13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
91.1 to 93.3
Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
0 to 0.2
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.25 to 0.45
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
6.5 to 7.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15