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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. AISI 420 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI D4 steel and AISI 420 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 420 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
8.0 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
220 to 670
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
76
Shear Strength, MPa 460 to 1210
420 to 1010
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
690 to 1720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
380 to 1310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
3.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
3.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
7.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 15
14
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
88 to 130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
25 to 62
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
22 to 41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
7.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
25 to 62

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0.15 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
12 to 14
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
82.3 to 87.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.75
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0

Comparable Variants