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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. B390.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while B390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is B390.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
76
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
0.88
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
29
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
320
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
250

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
640
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
580
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
20

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
27
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
88

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
11
Density, g/cm3 7.7
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
7.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
940

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
2.6
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
38
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
55
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
72.7 to 79.6
Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
4.0 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
0 to 1.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.45 to 0.65
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
16 to 18
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 1.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.2