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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. Grade M35-2 Nickel

SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade M35-2 nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is grade M35-2 nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
160
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
62
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1280
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1230
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
430
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
22
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
3.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
3.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
55
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
8.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
110
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
250

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
10
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
5.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0 to 0.35
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
26 to 33
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
0 to 3.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
59.1 to 74
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0