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SAE-AISI D7 Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both SAE-AISI D7 steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D7 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 800 to 2120
1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.6
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 11
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 180
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 130
51

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29 to 78
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 48
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.4
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 27 to 72
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.2 to 2.5
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 11.5 to 13.5
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 76.6 to 81.9
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 3.8 to 4.4
0.15 to 0.3