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SAE-AISI H21 Steel vs. SAE-AISI P21 Steel

Both SAE-AISI H21 steel and SAE-AISI P21 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 92% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI H21 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 720 to 1790
1130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1630
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1580
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 23
6.5
Density, g/cm3 8.5
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.5
2.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 68
32
Embodied Water, L/kg 72
62

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 23
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 58
40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 38
31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.1
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 59
37

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.28 to 0.36
0.18 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 3.0 to 3.8
0 to 0.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
1.1 to 1.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 87.6 to 93.8
92.1 to 94.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
0.35 to 0.72
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
3.9 to 4.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 8.5 to 10
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.25