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SAE-AISI L3 Steel vs. AISI 431 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI L3 steel and AISI 431 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI L3 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 431 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 2250
890 to 1380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
120

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 80
32 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 49
27 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
7.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 67
28 to 43

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 1.3 to 1.7
15 to 17
Iron (Fe), % 95.5 to 97.3
78.2 to 83.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.25 to 0.8
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.3 to 2.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.5
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.1 to 0.3
0

Comparable Variants