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SAE-AISI L3 Steel vs. SAE-AISI H21 Steel

Both SAE-AISI L3 steel and SAE-AISI H21 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 93% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI L3 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 2250
720 to 1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
23
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
68
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
72

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 80
23 to 58
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 49
21 to 38
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
7.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 67
24 to 59

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
0.28 to 0.36
Chromium (Cr), % 1.3 to 1.7
3.0 to 3.8
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 95.5 to 97.3
87.6 to 93.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.25 to 0.8
0.15 to 0.4
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.5
0.15 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
8.5 to 10
Vanadium (V), % 0.1 to 0.3
0.3 to 0.6

Comparable Variants