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SAE-AISI M3 Class 1 Steel vs. Type 4 Niobium

SAE-AISI M3 class 1 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 16 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M3 class 1 steel and the bottom bar is Type 4 niobium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.4
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
38
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 770 to 2150
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
310
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
270
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
42
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
7.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 8.3
8.6
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
160

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
6.8
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 23
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 72
7.2
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 44
9.5
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.2
18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 67
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
0 to 0.010
Chromium (Cr), % 3.8 to 4.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Hafnium (Hf), % 0
0 to 0.020
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.0015
Iron (Fe), % 76.9 to 82.9
0 to 0.010
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 4.8 to 6.5
0 to 0.050
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.0050
Niobium (Nb), % 0
98.1 to 99.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.010
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.025
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.45
0 to 0.0050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Tantalum (Ta), % 0
0 to 0.5
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.020
Tungsten (W), % 5.0 to 6.8
0 to 0.050
Vanadium (V), % 2.3 to 2.8
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.8 to 1.2