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SAE-AISI M4 Steel vs. Grade VDC Steel

Both SAE-AISI M4 steel and grade VDC steel are iron alloys. They have 80% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M4 steel and the bottom bar is grade VDC steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 770 to 2150
1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1610
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1560
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
1.9
Density, g/cm3 8.3
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 14
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 210
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
47

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 23
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 72
60
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 45
40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.9
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 68
50

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.3 to 1.4
0.6 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 3.8 to 4.8
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.060
Iron (Fe), % 75.9 to 81.4
98.3 to 99.35
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
0.5 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 4.3 to 5.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.45
0.15 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Tungsten (W), % 5.3 to 6.5
0
Vanadium (V), % 3.8 to 4.5
0