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SAE-AISI M4 Steel vs. Type 2 Niobium

SAE-AISI M4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 2 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 16 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M4 steel and the bottom bar is Type 2 niobium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.4
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
38
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 770 to 2150
140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
270
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
7.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 8.3
8.6
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
160

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
6.8
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 23
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 72
4.6
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 45
7.1
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.9
23
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 68
13

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.3 to 1.4
0 to 0.010
Chromium (Cr), % 3.8 to 4.8
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Hafnium (Hf), % 0
0 to 0.020
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.0015
Iron (Fe), % 75.9 to 81.4
0 to 0.010
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 4.3 to 5.5
0 to 0.020
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.0050
Niobium (Nb), % 0
99.5 to 100
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.010
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.025
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.45
0 to 0.0050
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Tantalum (Ta), % 0
0 to 0.3
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 5.3 to 6.5
0 to 0.050
Vanadium (V), % 3.8 to 4.5
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.020