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SAE-AISI M42 Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both SAE-AISI M42 steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 81% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M42 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810 to 2310
1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1540
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1490
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 450
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 20
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 30
2.3
Density, g/cm3 8.2
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 100
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
51

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 79
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 48
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 5.4
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 71
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.1 to 1.2
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 3.5 to 4.3
0.8 to 1.1
Cobalt (Co), % 7.8 to 8.8
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 76.3 to 81
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 9.0 to 10
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.65
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Tungsten (W), % 1.2 to 1.9
0
Vanadium (V), % 1.0 to 1.4
0.15 to 0.3