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SAE-AISI M42 Steel vs. S82121 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI M42 steel and S82121 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M42 steel and the bottom bar is S82121 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810 to 2310
730

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1540
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1490
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 450
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 20
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 30
14
Density, g/cm3 8.2
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.4
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 100
40
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 38
28
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 79
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 48
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 5.4
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 71
20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.1 to 1.2
0 to 0.035
Chromium (Cr), % 3.5 to 4.3
21 to 23
Cobalt (Co), % 7.8 to 8.8
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0.2 to 1.2
Iron (Fe), % 76.3 to 81
66.7 to 75.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
1.0 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 9.0 to 10
0.3 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
2.0 to 4.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.65
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010
Tungsten (W), % 1.2 to 1.9
0
Vanadium (V), % 1.0 to 1.4
0