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SAE-AISI M48 Steel vs. ASTM A232 Spring Steel

Both SAE-AISI M48 steel and ASTM A232 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 69% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (13, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M48 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A232 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 2390
1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1670
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1620
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 420
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 48
2.3
Density, g/cm3 8.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 13
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 190
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
51

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 22
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 76
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23 to 45
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 26 to 71
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.4 to 1.5
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 3.5 to 4.0
0.8 to 1.1
Cobalt (Co), % 8.0 to 10
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 63.8 to 69.8
96.8 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 4.8 to 5.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.4
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.035
Tungsten (W), % 9.5 to 10.5
0
Vanadium (V), % 2.8 to 3.3
0.15 to 0.3