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SAE-AISI P21 Steel vs. Type 3 Magnetic Alloy

SAE-AISI P21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 3 magnetic alloy belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel and the bottom bar is Type 3 magnetic alloy.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.31
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
70
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1130
550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
450
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.9
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.0
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
55
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.3
8.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 32
120
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
220

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 40
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
17
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 37
18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.18 to 0.22
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.5
2.0 to 3.0
Cobalt (Co), % 1.1 to 1.3
0 to 0.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
4.0 to 6.0
Iron (Fe), % 92.1 to 94.2
9.9 to 19
Manganese (Mn), % 0.35 to 0.72
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 3.9 to 4.3
75 to 78
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.4
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.25
0