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SAE-AISI P3 Steel vs. AISI 312 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI P3 steel and AISI 312 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 68% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P3 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 312 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 410 to 1980
780

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
17
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
170

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 70
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 44
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 65
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.75
24 to 26
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 96.3 to 98.4
62.2 to 69.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.2 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.0 to 1.5
5.5 to 6.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.14 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030