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SAE-AISI P3 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Both SAE-AISI P3 steel and SAE-AISI 4340M steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P3 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 410 to 1980
2340

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
55

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 70
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 44
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 65
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.1
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.75
0.7 to 1.0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 96.3 to 98.4
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.6
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 1.0 to 1.5
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.012
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1