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SAE-AISI P3 Steel vs. SAE-AISI S4 Steel

Both SAE-AISI P3 steel and SAE-AISI S4 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P3 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI S4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 410 to 1980
670 to 2140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
2.2
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
29
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
48

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 70
24 to 77
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 44
22 to 48
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 65
20 to 65

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.1
0.5 to 0.65
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.75
0.1 to 0.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 96.3 to 98.4
95.2 to 96.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.6
0.6 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.0 to 1.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
1.8 to 2.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.35

Comparable Variants