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SAE-AISI P4 Steel vs. EN AC-45400 Aluminum

SAE-AISI P4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN AC-45400 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P4 steel and the bottom bar is EN AC-45400 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
72
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 390 to 1980
260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
470
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.1
30
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.3
95

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
7.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 68
1100

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
49
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 14 to 70
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 15 to 45
32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
54
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 64
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
88.4 to 92.9
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0
Chromium (Cr), % 4.0 to 5.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
2.6 to 3.6
Iron (Fe), % 92.3 to 95.3
0 to 0.6
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.1
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.55
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.4 to 1.0
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.4
4.5 to 6.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15