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SAE-AISI P4 Steel vs. SAE-AISI A2 Steel

Both SAE-AISI P4 steel and SAE-AISI A2 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P4 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI A2 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 390 to 1980
710 to 2040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.1
8.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.3
9.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
5.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
2.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
38
Embodied Water, L/kg 68
73

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 7.0
8.9
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 14 to 70
25 to 73
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 15 to 45
23 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 64
25 to 71

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
1.0 to 1.1
Chromium (Cr), % 4.0 to 5.3
4.8 to 5.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 92.3 to 95.3
89.4 to 93.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.4 to 1.0
0.9 to 1.4
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.4
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.5

Comparable Variants