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SAE-AISI P4 Steel vs. S31254 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI P4 steel and S31254 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 60% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P4 steel and the bottom bar is S31254 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 390 to 1980
720

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.1
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.3
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
28
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
5.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 68
190

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 7.0
44
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 14 to 70
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 15 to 45
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 64
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 4.0 to 5.3
19.5 to 20.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0.5 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 92.3 to 95.3
51.4 to 56.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.4 to 1.0
6.0 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
17.5 to 18.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.18 to 0.22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.4
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010