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SAE-AISI P5 Steel vs. 4045 Aluminum

SAE-AISI P5 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 4045 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI P5 steel and the bottom bar is 4045 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 370 to 1980
120

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
540
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
170
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
45
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
160

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
7.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 56
1070

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
54
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13 to 70
13
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 15 to 45
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
74
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 65
5.7

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
87.4 to 91
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.1
0
Chromium (Cr), % 2.0 to 2.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.3
Iron (Fe), % 95.7 to 97.8
0 to 0.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 0.050
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.35
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
9.0 to 11
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15