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SAE-AISI S4 Steel vs. Austempered Cast Iron

Both SAE-AISI S4 steel and austempered cast iron are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI S4 steel and the bottom bar is austempered cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
62 to 69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670 to 2140
860 to 1800

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
42
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.2
2.9
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 29
25
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
48

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 77
32 to 66
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 48
27 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 65
25 to 53

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.050
Arsenic (As), % 0
0 to 0.020
Carbon (C), % 0.5 to 0.65
3.4 to 3.8
Chromium (Cr), % 0.1 to 0.5
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.8
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 96.9
89.6 to 94
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.040
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 1.0
0.3 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Selenium (Se), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 1.8 to 2.3
2.3 to 2.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.1