Type 4 Niobium vs. S45000 Stainless Steel
Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals classification, while S45000 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (14, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is Type 4 niobium and the bottom bar is S45000 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 120 | |
| 280 to 410 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 23 | |
| 6.8 to 14 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.4 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 38 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 220 | |
| 980 to 1410 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 140 | |
| 580 to 1310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 280 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 270 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 42 | |
| 17 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 7.3 | |
| 11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.6 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 160 | |
| 130 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 44 | |
| 94 to 160 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 93 | |
| 850 to 4400 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 6.8 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 7.2 | |
| 35 to 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 9.5 | |
| 28 to 36 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 18 | |
| 4.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 21 | |
| 33 to 47 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 14 to 16 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 1.3 to 1.8 |
| Hafnium (Hf), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.0015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 72.1 to 79.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0.5 to 1.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 5.0 to 7.0 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 98.1 to 99.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 to 0.020 | |
| 0 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |