C12900 Copper vs. SAE-AISI 8645 Steel
C12900 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 8645 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C12900 copper and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 8645 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 2.8 to 50 | |
| 12 to 23 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 43 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 150 to 210 | |
| 380 to 400 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 220 to 420 | |
| 600 to 670 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 75 to 380 | |
| 390 to 560 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 210 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 200 | |
| 410 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1080 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1030 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 390 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 380 | |
| 39 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 98 | |
| 7.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 98 | |
| 8.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 32 | |
| 2.6 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 9.0 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.6 | |
| 1.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 41 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 330 | |
| 50 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 11 to 88 | |
| 77 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 24 to 640 | |
| 420 to 840 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.2 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 6.8 to 13 | |
| 21 to 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 9.1 to 14 | |
| 20 to 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 110 | |
| 10 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 7.8 to 15 | |
| 18 to 20 |
Alloy Composition
| Antimony (Sb), % | 0 to 0.0030 | |
| 0 |
| Arsenic (As), % | 0 to 0.012 | |
| 0 |
| Bismuth (Bi), % | 0 to 0.0030 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.43 to 0.48 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.6 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 99.88 to 100 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 | |
| 96.5 to 97.7 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 to 0.0040 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.75 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.25 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0.4 to 0.7 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Silver (Ag), % | 0 to 0.054 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Tellurium (Te), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |