C18400 Copper vs. ASTM Grade HN Steel
C18400 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while ASTM grade HN steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C18400 copper and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HN steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 120 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 13 to 50 | |
| 9.0 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.34 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 44 | |
| 77 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 270 to 490 | |
| 500 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 210 | |
| 310 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 200 | |
| 1080 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1080 | |
| 1400 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1070 | |
| 1350 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 390 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 320 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 17 | |
| 16 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 31 | |
| 26 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.9 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.6 | |
| 4.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 41 | |
| 66 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 180 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.3 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 8.5 to 15 | |
| 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 10 to 16 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 94 | |
| 3.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.6 to 17 | |
| 11 |
Alloy Composition
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| Arsenic (As), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0 |
| Calcium (Ca), % | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.5 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.4 to 1.2 | |
| 19 to 23 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 97.2 to 99.6 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 44.9 to 57.8 |
| Lithium (Li), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 23 to 27 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.7 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |