C31400 Bronze vs. EN 1.4378 Stainless Steel
C31400 bronze belongs to the copper alloys classification, while EN 1.4378 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C31400 bronze and the bottom bar is EN 1.4378 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.8 to 29 | |
| 14 to 34 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 42 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 180 to 240 | |
| 510 to 680 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 270 to 420 | |
| 760 to 1130 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 78 to 310 | |
| 430 to 970 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 200 | |
| 290 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 180 | |
| 910 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1040 | |
| 1390 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1010 | |
| 1350 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 380 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 18 | |
| 17 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 29 | |
| 12 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.8 | |
| 7.6 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.6 | |
| 2.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 42 | |
| 39 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 26 to 59 | |
| 150 to 220 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 28 to 420 | |
| 470 to 2370 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.1 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 8.7 to 13 | |
| 28 to 41 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 11 to 14 | |
| 24 to 31 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.6 to 15 | |
| 16 to 23 |
Alloy Composition
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| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 87.5 to 90.5 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 61.2 to 69 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 1.3 to 2.5 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 11.5 to 14.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.7 | |
| 2.3 to 3.7 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 5.8 to 11.2 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |