C31600 Bronze vs. C18600 Copper
Both C31600 bronze and C18600 copper are copper alloys. They have 89% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is C31600 bronze and the bottom bar is C18600 copper.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 110 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.7 to 28 | |
| 8.0 to 11 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 42 | |
| 44 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 170 to 270 | |
| 310 to 340 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 270 to 460 | |
| 520 to 580 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 80 to 390 | |
| 500 to 520 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 200 | |
| 210 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 180 | |
| 200 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1040 | |
| 1090 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1010 | |
| 1070 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 380 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 140 | |
| 280 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 18 | |
| 17 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 32 | |
| 70 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 33 | |
| 71 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 29 | |
| 31 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.8 | |
| 8.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.7 | |
| 2.9 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 43 | |
| 46 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 310 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 30 to 58 | |
| 44 to 58 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 28 to 690 | |
| 1060 to 1180 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 7.1 | |
| 7.3 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 8.5 to 15 | |
| 16 to 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 11 to 15 | |
| 16 to 17 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 42 | |
| 81 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 9.4 to 16 | |
| 19 to 20 |
Alloy Composition
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| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0.1 to 1.0 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 87.5 to 90.5 | |
| 96.5 to 99.55 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0.25 to 0.8 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 1.3 to 2.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0.7 to 1.2 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.040 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0.050 to 0.5 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 5.2 to 10.5 | |
| 0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0.050 to 0.4 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |