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C81400 Copper vs. EN 1.7221 Steel

C81400 copper belongs to the copper alloys classification, while EN 1.7221 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is C81400 copper and the bottom bar is EN 1.7221 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 120
190
Elongation at Break, % 11
11 to 17
Poisson's Ratio 0.34
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 41
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 370
650 to 780
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 250
430 to 630

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 210
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 200
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1090
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1070
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 390
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 260
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 60
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 61
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 33
2.4
Density, g/cm3 8.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.8
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 310
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 36
83 to 98
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260
490 to 1050
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 7.3
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 18
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 11
23 to 27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 13
21 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 75
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13
19 to 23

Alloy Composition

Beryllium (Be), % 0.020 to 0.1
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.22 to 0.29
Chromium (Cr), % 0.6 to 1.0
0.8 to 1.2
Copper (Cu), % 98.4 to 99.38
0
Iron (Fe), % 0
96.8 to 98.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0.5 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Residuals, % 0 to 0.5
0