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R31233 Cobalt vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel

R31233 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys classification, while ASTM A372 grade M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is R31233 cobalt and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 220
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
18 to 21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220
450 to 520
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 85
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1020
810 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 420
660 to 770

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 320
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1350
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1330
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 12
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
8.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.1
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 8.6
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 110
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 480
61

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 410
1140 to 1580
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 23
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 33
29 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 26
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.2
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25
24 to 27

Alloy Composition

Boron (B), % 0 to 0.015
0
Carbon (C), % 0.020 to 0.1
0 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 23.5 to 27.5
1.5 to 2.0
Cobalt (Co), % 44.7 to 63.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 1.0 to 5.0
92.5 to 95.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 1.5
0.2 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 4.0 to 6.0
0.4 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 7.0 to 11
2.8 to 3.9
Nitrogen (N), % 0.030 to 0.12
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0.050 to 1.0
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.020
0 to 0.010
Tungsten (W), % 1.0 to 3.0
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.080