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S21900 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A232 Spring Steel

Both S21900 stainless steel and ASTM A232 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is S21900 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A232 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 220
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 50
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 380
1040
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 57
46
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Shear Strength, MPa 510
1090
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 710
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
1610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 980
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.5
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.9
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 43
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 300
250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.8
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 19 to 21.5
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 59.4 to 67.4
96.8 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 8.0 to 10
0.7 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 5.5 to 7.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.035
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3